Unsuccessful Trade Strategies Against China: Assessing International Strategies against China's Export Restrictions on Rare Earth Minerals

Mustafayeva Sama (2024) Unsuccessful Trade Strategies Against China: Assessing International Strategies against China's Export Restrictions on Rare Earth Minerals. Külkereskedelmi Kar.

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Absztrakt (kivonat)

This thesis examines China's geopolitical and economic leverage through its control over the export of rare earth elements (REEs), essential for modern technologies in defense, electronics, and green energy sectors. The research adopts a documentary analysis methodology, drawing on academic articles, official reports, and media publications to explore the strategic implications of China's export restrictions. Rare earth elements, despite their name, are relatively abundant but are rarely concentrated enough to make extraction economically viable. This scarcity of economically extractable REEs has led to significant geopolitical and economic challenges globally, as these elements are crucial for a myriad of modern technologies. China, holding a substantial portion of the world's accessible REE deposits, has strategically used export restrictions to not only bolster its domestic technological industries but also to exert economic and strategic influence globally. The thesis methodically analyzes how these export controls affect international security, technological progress, and the dynamics of global trade. By restricting REE exports, China manipulates the market, increasing global prices and exerting pressure on other nations' industries that depend on these materials. This tactic is reflective of mercantilist strategies and is used as a geopolitical tool to gain leverage in international relations. Furthermore, the study highlights how nations such as Japan, the European Union, and the United States have responded to China's policies. These responses include seeking alternative sources of REEs, investing in research for substitutes, and enhancing recycling technologies to reduce dependence on Chinese exports. The effectiveness of these strategies is critically assessed, with findings pointing to the complex challenges nations face due to the technical difficulties in replacing REEs and the continued market dominance by China. Empirical data discussed in the thesis underscores the broader economic and strategic objectives achieved by China through these export restrictions. The analysis also sheds light on the increased global market prices for REEs, which have profound implications for the economic landscape of international industries reliant on these minerals. This strategic manipulation of supply reflects mercantilist tactics and emphasizes the geopolitical leverage China gains in maintaining a competitive edge in the global economy. The research also delves into the geopolitical implications of China's REE policies, which have strained international relations and prompted actions from global powers and international organizations. These entities have often contested China's trade practices as contrary to international trade laws, advocating for fairer governance of global rare earth resources. In conclusion, this thesis not only offers a comprehensive understanding of the impacts of China's export restrictions on rare earths but also contributes to the discourse on resource nationalism and the interplay between national policies and global trade. It highlights the necessity for enhanced international cooperation and the development of robust, diversified supply chains to mitigate risks associated with reliance on a single source for critical materials. The conclusions drawn advocate for policies that promote international collaboration, fair-trade practices, and sustainable technological advancements, which are essential as the global demand for rare earths continues to grow. This research is pivotal for policymakers, industry leaders, and researchers in navigating the complexities of the global market for rare earth elements and ensuring a balanced approach to the challenges and opportunities it presents.

Intézmény

Budapesti Gazdasági Egyetem

Kar

Külkereskedelmi Kar

Tanszék

Nemzetközi Gazdaságtan Tanszék

Tudományterület/tudományág

NEM RÉSZLETEZETT

Szak

Nemzetközi gazdaság és gazdálkodás (angol)

Mű típusa:	diplomadolgozat (NEM RÉSZLETEZETT)
Kulcsszavak:	China Rare Earth Materials, China's Export Restrictions, International Strategies, Rare Earth Minerals, WTO dispute settlement
SWORD Depositor:	Archive User
Felhasználói azonosító szám (ID):	Archive User
Rekord készítés dátuma:	2024. Szep. 26. 08:01
Utolsó módosítás:	2024. Szep. 26. 08:01

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