Zhang Ziyuan (2023) What is the real gap between USA and China? Lessons from a detailed GDP analysis. Külkereskedelmi Kar.
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<p dir="ltr" style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">As the most representative country, China is one of the fastest growing developing countries. </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">The United States is the most representative of the best developed countries in terms of </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">economic development. Consequently, conducting a comparative analysis of the economies of </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">China and the United States, as the two largest economies in the world, holds significant </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">importance. Such a comparison not only yields valuable insights for these nations but also </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">offers knowledge and reflection for other countries. GDP is the key economic indicator of a </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">country's economic situation. GDP is a measure of the total value of goods and services </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">produced by a country in a given period of time. Therefore, comparing the GDP of two </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">countries in a multi-dimensional way can help us understand the economies of both countries, </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">in particular, helps us to understand how China has developed. GDP is a relatively </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">comprehensive economic indicator that reflects the economic development of the country as a </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">whole. It is made up of the values of many sectors, and a detailed analysis of these sectors </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">reveals a lot of information about the industries hidden behind the GDP. It helps us to </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">understand the overall economic level of the country, as well as the strengths and weaknesses </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">of the sectors. At the same time, every country has a GDP, so by comparing GDP, it is </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">possible to compare the economic development of two countries and the differences in the </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">development of their industries. For the government, GDP analysis is also of great importance. </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">The government can use GDP analysis to study the country's development, such as which </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">sector is generating more jobs, which sector is contributing the most to GDP and which sector </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">is growing the fastest. Based on past GDP studies, government departments can then forecast </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">the future of the economy, such as how many jobs will be created in the coming year, how </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">much consumer spending will be spent, and so on. This information helps government policy </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">makers to draw lessons from past developments. At the same time, they can adjust their </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">policies in response to future trends and thus contribute to economic development. For </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">individuals and businesses, it is also essential to analyse GDP. If GDP grows, it will stimulate </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">consumption and people will be more optimistic about the country's economy. At the same </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">time, GDP growth will also boost employment. A good economic situation attracts more </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">investment. To sum up, a pure GDP is still important at the moment.</span></p><div>This thesis aims to explore how China can catch up with USA in a economic level by giving a <span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">comprehensive analysis of the economies of China and the United States by analyzing the</span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';"> latest GDP indicators of the two countries. The comparison and analysis will be based on </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">various dimensions, including industry, consumption, and historical development. Moreover, </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">a literature research method will be used in order to organize a better structure of the essay. </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">Within the two sections - Expenditure approach and Output approach, most of the data are </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">taken from the OECD input-output tables for China and the US in 2000 and 2018, which are </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">analysed in depth. In other chapters, data from the WorldBank are used extensively. The </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">input-output analysis table for 2018 is the latest edition of the table and is also the year before </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. In total, by analysing the economic analysis from 2000 to </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">2018, we can see how the GDP of both countries would have been in the absence of the </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">pandemic and how the economic analysis would have been.</span></div><div>The research question for this article is to find out the gap between the US and China on an <span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">economic level and how China can catch up with USA. Regarding the research methodology, </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">the data is sourced from three parts: the first part is the input-output tables for China and the </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">US in the OECD for 2000 and 2018. The second part is the data from the World Bank. The </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">third part is data from the literature. In addition to this, with regard to the structural logic of </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">the thesis, an introduction to the article is first given in Chapter 1. Secondly, the concepts that </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">will be used in the thesis are given in Chapter 2. Next in chapter 3 the data will be analysed </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">and compared in a comprehensive manner. The economic phenomena reflected after the data </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">are then discussed as well. In Chapter 4, the question of the essay is answered - how far is </span><span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">China from the United States in economic level. Finally, In Chapter 6, references are given.</span></div><div>In order to provide a comprehensive analysis of GDP, this thesis will focus on the following </div><div>six areas: </div><div>● The dynamics of GDP in China and the US from a time perspective. </div><div>● Comparing the input-output tables of the US and China in 2010 and 2018 in expenditure <span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">approach</span></div><div>● Comparing the input-output tables of the US and China in 2010 and 2018 in output <span style="font-size:1rem;font-family:'-apple-system', BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Noto Sans', 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', 'Noto Color Emoji';">approach</span></div><div>● Compare the GDP by GDP per capital </div><div>● Compare GDP by Purchasing Power Parity </div><div>● Comparing GDP and GNI</div><br><p></p>
Intézmény
Budapesti Gazdasági Egyetem
Kar
Tanszék
Nemzetközi Gazdaságtan Tanszék
Tudományterület/tudományág
NEM RÉSZLETEZETT
Szak
Nemzetközi gazdaság és gazdálkodás (angol)
Konzulens(ek)
| Mű típusa: | diplomadolgozat (NEM RÉSZLETEZETT) |
|---|---|
| Kulcsszavak: | China, economic developement, economics, GDP, globalization, industrial management, usa |
| SWORD Depositor: | Archive User |
| Felhasználói azonosító szám (ID): | Archive User |
| Rekord készítés dátuma: | 2023. Szep. 07. 14:30 |
| Utolsó módosítás: | 2023. Szep. 07. 14:30 |
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